THE INFLUENCE OF TEACHERS CONFIDENCE ON TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS IN SCHOOL

Discussion aims to examine the effect of teacher self-confidence on the teaching and learning process in schools. Teacher self-confidence is a key factor in educational success, because confident teachers tend to be more effective in conveying subject matter and motivating students to learn better. Teachers who have a high level of self-confidence tend to be more courageous in taking initiatives, being creative in presenting material, and more prepared to face challenges in managing the classroom. In addition, teacher self-confidence also has a positive impact on student motivation, where students tend to be more motivated to learn and participate actively in the learning process. Even so, there are several factors that can affect the level of teacher confidence, such as level of education and teaching experience. Teachers with higher formal education and more extensive teaching experience tend to have more confidence in dealing with complex classroom situations. In the context of improving the education system provide valuable information for schools and educational institutions to improve teacher competence and help increase their self-confidence. Professional training and development can be an effective strategy to increase teacher self-confidence, so that it can have a positive impact on the quality of the teaching and learning process in schools. In addition, an interactive approach between teachers and students and a supportive educational environment can also play an important role in increasing teacher confidence and the overall quality of learning .


INTRODUCTION
Education is one important aspect in the formation of quality individuals.In the context of education, the Learning and Teaching Process in schools has a very important role in developing the skills and knowledge of teachers.In addition, self-confidence also has a significant influence on the teaching-learning process.
Confidence is an individual's belief in his own abilities and potential.Students who have a high level of self-confidence tend to have a strong motivation to learn and teach effectively.They are better able to overcome challenges and face failures with a positive attitude.Conversely, students who have low self-confidence tend to feel unsure of their own abilities, which can hamper the teaching and learning process.According to Alfiani, selfconfidence is "a feeling of confidence in one's ability to express and mobilize (Bandura's term: mobilize) motivation and all the resources needed and bring them into action in accordance with what must be completed, or according to the demands of the task" (Alfiani, 2011: 42).
Having high self-confidence is also very beneficial for the development of individual personality (especially students).The existence of high self-confidence will make individuals feel optimistic, this feeling of optimism will have a big influence on the development of personality and the life they live.
In fact, not all individuals have high self-confidence, and a lack of high selfconfidence is also a typical symptom that affects many students, especially when emotions are still unstable.So it can be said that a person who has a positive self-concept towards himself then he maintains his abilities with positive feelings towards himself, against doubts about his abilities.Conversely, if a person has low self-confidence, then in him there is doubt, emptiness and decisions from the individual in facing the demands and challenges of his life, and results in a low assessment of himself in relation to other people.A study that used behavioral observations to measure self-confidence showed that some positive as well as negative behaviors can provide clues about students' self-confidence (John Santrock, 2003: 336).
Therefore, as a first step to lead to the expected goals is to encourage or motivate students to learn religion.The success of the teaching and learning process of religion is inseparable from the preparation of students and the preparation of teaching staff.A teacher must be able to foster enthusiasm and confidence in his students so that they are motivated to develop their potential, especially in religious studies.Students who have self-confidence will be enthusiastic, determined, proactive, diligent, diligent and never give up (Syaifullah, 2010: 22).If self-confidence is instilled in students, students will feel happy, not burdened and with full attention attend religious lessons.

METHODOLOGY
This study employs a mixed-methods approach to comprehensively explore the reading habits of pre-service English teachers in a School of Teacher Training and Education.The questionnaire is adapted from previous research conducted by Iftanti (2012) who managed to apply this study to wider respondents in East Java.The questionnaires were distributed to 54 pre-service English teachers in School of Teacher Training and Education in Jakarta at the end of their study session in the even semester of 2023.The questions consists of 5 closed ended sections-multiple choice questions using Likert Scale.The categories of the questionnaire include the amount if reading practice, the length of time of having reading habits, the types of texts to read, the number of books to read, and claim about their reading habits in English.The interview validation was carried out with the respondents who demonstrate the potential to have different qualities of reading habits.

RESULTS AND ANALYSIS CONFIDENT
Confidence is a form of positive belief in one's own ability to achieve goals, face challenges, and overcome obstacles in life.It is a strong feeling that the individual feels capable and has confidence in himself to take the right actions and achieve the desired results.Confidence is an important aspect of one's life, because it can affect mental well-being, social relationships, academic performance, and career achievement (Stewart & Joines, 1987: 4).
Self-confidence is not only related to belief in skills and abilities, but also involves self-acceptance, self-esteem and self-respect.It allows individuals to feel comfortable with who they are, recognize and understand their strengths and weaknesses, and have the resilience to face criticism or failure without feeling crushed.

Definition of confidence
Self-confidence can be interpreted as a belief in one's own abilities that are sufficient and aware that the abilities possessed can be used appropriately.Psychologist Enung Fatimah defines the meaning of self-confidence in her book which says.
"Self-confidence is the belief in one's own abilities that are adequate and aware of the abilities one has, and can use them appropriately."None other than the ultra-famous psychologist Maslow who said "Self-confidence is the basic capital for developing selfactuality.With self-confidence, people will be able to know and understand themselves.Meanwhile, a lack of self-confidence will hinder the development of self-potential.So a person who lacks confidence will become someone who is pessimistic in facing challenges, afraid and hesitant to convey ideas, and indecisive in making choices and often compares himself with others (Enung Fatimah, 2006: 4).
According to Lauster, self-confidence is an attitude or belief in one's own abilities, so that in his actions he is not too anxious, feels free to do things as he wishes and is responsible for his actions, is polite in interacting with others, has an achievement drive.and know your own strengths and weaknesses.A new and healthy self-confidence is developed from within the individual's own personality.Confidence is not by compensating weaknesses for strengths, but how the individual is able to accept himself as he is, able to understand what he is like and in the end will believe that he is capable of doing various things well (Lauster, 2014: 4).
From the description above, it can be concluded that self-confidence is a belief in one's own abilities, the courage to face challenges because it gives an awareness that learning from experience is far more important than success or failure, a service to oneself so that individuals are able to handle all situations well.calm, and trust that with reason will be able to carry out what is desired, planned and hoped for.

Characteristics of Individuals Who Have Confidence
Individual characteristics are characteristics of students who have self-confidence as follows: a. Be calm while doing something b.Have adequate potential and ability c.Able to neutralize the tension that arises in certain situations d.Able to adapt and communicate e. Have a mental and physical condition that supports appearance f.Have sufficient intelligence g.Have a sufficient level of formal education h.Have expertise and other skills that support life i.Have social skills j.Have a good family educational background k.Have life experiences that forge mentality and resilience in various situations l.Be positive in dealing with problems (Thursan Hakim, 2005: 67).
According to Irfan Anshory stated that self-confidence in children has the following characteristics: a. Believe in yourself b.Don't depend on others c.Feel yourself valuable d.No bragging e. Have the courage to act (Irfan Anshory, 2000: 176).
From the description above, it can be concluded that the characteristics of a child who has self-confidence is self-confidence, does not depend on others, feels himself valuable, does not boast, has the courage to act, has sufficient potential and ability, neutralizes tension.that arise in certain situations, social skills, and a positive attitude in dealing with problems.

Components of self-confidence
The self-confidence component includes several important aspects that affect a person's level of self-confidence.Here are some of the components of confidence along with a brief explanation and a photo note to refer to for further information: a. Self-Efficacy This is an individual's belief in his personal ability to complete certain tasks and achieve goals.Self-efficacy is one of the key components of self-confidence introduced by Albert Bandura, a well-known social psychologist.b.Self-Esteem (Self-Esteem): This reflects an individual's positive or negative assessment of himself.People with high self-esteem tend to have more self-confidence, while people with low self-esteem may feel less confident.c.Self-Image: This is the individual's perception of himself, including his physique, skills, personality, and other aspects that make up his personal identity.d.Optimism: The degree to which a person believes that good things will happen in the future.Optimistic people tend to have higher levels of self-confidence because they believe that they are capable of facing and overcoming obstacles.e. Self-Confidence in Specific Areas: This includes an individual's belief in his ability to perform certain tasks or in specific areas, such as work, sports, art or academics.f.Resilience: This is a person's ability to recover and overcome failure, setbacks, or stress.
Strong resilience can increase the level of confidence.g.Positive Self-Talk: This includes positive, uplifting thought patterns that help strengthen self-confidence and reduce self-doubt.h.Body Language: The way individuals talk, walk, and deal with other people can affect their level of self-confidence and how others perceive them (Hayes, Strosahl & Wilson, 2012: 7).

STRATEGIES TO INCREASE TEACHER CONFIDENCE IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS
High self-confidence in teachers is an important factor contributing to the quality of effective learning.Teachers who are confident tend to be better able to face challenges and difficulties in the teaching and learning process, and can have more influence on the development and academic achievement of students.Here are some strategies that can help increase teacher confidence in the teaching and learning process: 1. Improved Pedagogical Skills: Teachers can increase their self-confidence by developing better pedagogical skills.This includes an understanding of various teaching methods, the use of relevant educational technologies, and the ability to adapt to the individual needs of students (Anderson & Smith, 2020: 135-147) 2. Acknowledge and Evaluate Strengths: Teachers must recognize their strengths and skills in teaching and see their potential.Recording the achievements and accomplishments they have achieved in the previous teaching and learning process can also help build selfconfidence.

Receiving Feedback:
Teachers should be open to feedback from peers, students, and school leaders.Using this feedback as a vehicle for learning and improving, as well as correcting areas that need improvement, will help strengthen self-confidence.4. Dealing with Challenges Proactively: Teachers should see challenges as opportunities to grow and learn.Facing problems or difficult situations with a proactive attitude and trying to find creative solutions will increase self-confidence.5. Building Positive Relationships with Students: Teachers who can build positive relationships with students will feel more confident in teaching.Building emotional bonds and respecting diversity and individual differences will help create an inclusive and supportive learning environment.6. Education and Professional Development: Teachers must continuously strive to improve themselves through training, seminars and further education.The more qualified their educational background and professional development, the more confident they will be in facing teaching assignments (Watkins & Brown, 2021: 176-189).7. Positive Thinking and Facing Fear: Teachers should try to replace negative thoughts with positive ones.They need to believe that they are capable of overcoming challenges and have the ability to help students achieve success (Johnson & Lee, 2019: 210-225).
Increasing teacher confidence in the teaching and learning process is important to create a positive and effective learning environment.Through self-development, peer support, and a proactive attitude, a teacher can overcome challenges and become a more confident and successful teacher in achieving educational goals.The more confident a teacher is, the greater the potential for students to grow and achieve better academic performance.
Believing in yourself is the basic capital to achieve success in learning.Not believing in yourself one step two and even a few steps to the gate of study failure.Not infrequently certain people who are actually smart, because they do not believe in yourself, look like a fool.Doubt in taking a stand also stems from a loss of self-confidence.With a loss of selfconfidence, everything that will be done is not based on strong and essential beliefs.

FACTORS AFFECTING CONFIDENCE
Learning achievement obtained by students through the teaching and learning process is not only determined by students as learning subjects with various backgrounds, but also influenced by other factors.In connection with this, several experts suggest that there are factors that can influence the process and student learning outcomes.According to Ngalim Purwanto there are several factors that influence the learning process which then affects the achievement of learning achievement.While Mahfudh Salahuddin argued that, the factors that influence learning achievement are two, namely: 1. External factors include the environment (natural and social) and instrumental (curriculum, teachers, facilities and administration).2. Internal factors include: physiological (physical condition including the five senses) and psychological (talent, interest, intelligence, motivation and cognitive abilities) (Mahfudh Salahuddin, 1990: 57).
In line with the opinion above, there is another opinion which states that learning achievement is influenced by two things, namely, factors contained within students (internal factors), and factors that consist of outside students (external factors).Factors that come from within the child are biological, while factors that come from outside the child include family, school, community and so on.1. Internal factors of the individual itself, as for those that can be classified into internal factors, namely intelligence/intelligence, talent, interest and motivation.2. External factors are factors that can affect learning achievement that are outside the student's self, namely several experiences, family circumstances, the surrounding environment and so on.(Ngalim Purwanto, 2003: 123).
In addition, self-confidence can be influenced by several factors which can be classified into two, namely internal factors and external factors.1. Internal factors, including: a. Self concept The formation of self-confidence in a person begins with the development of selfconcept obtained in the association of a group.According to Centi, self-concept is an idea about himself.Individuals who have low self-esteem usually have a negative self-concept, whereas individuals who have self-confidence will have a positive self-concept (Thursan Hakim, 2005: 70).
It is important to remember that self-concept can change over time and life experiences.Sometimes, people may experience positive or negative changes in their self-concept.Increasing self-understanding, accepting yourself with your strengths and weaknesses, and building a positive attitude towards yourself are important steps in improving and strengthening a positive self-concept.b.Pride Self-esteem is a psychological concept that refers to individual judgments and views of themselves.This includes individuals' beliefs, evaluations, and feelings about their personal worth and dignity.Self-esteem can be related to a person's positive or negative view of themselves, and can be influenced by various factors, such as social interactions, life experiences, environment, and understanding of cultural values (Crocker & Park, 2004: 130).
Self-esteem is an assessment made of yourself.Individuals who have high selfesteem will evaluate themselves rationally and correctly for themselves and easily establish relationships with other individuals.Individuals who have high self-esteem tend to see themselves as successful individuals who believe that their efforts are easy to accept others as they accept themselves.However, individuals who have low self-esteem are dependent, lack self-confidence and usually collide with social difficulties and are pessimistic in relationships.

c. Physical condition
The quality of education is the result of various complex factors, and the physical condition of teachers can be one of the factors that affect the quality of education.A good teacher's physical condition can contribute positively to the learning process, while a teacher's poor physical condition can have a negative impact.Moreover, in the education system, especially in schools, the demand for quality assurance is a natural phenomenon, because providing quality education is public accountability (Sofan Amri, 2013: 34).
Changes in physical condition also affect self-confidence.Anthony said physical appearance was the main cause of low self-esteem and self-confidence.Lauster also believes that physical disability can lead to a marked sense of inferiority.
The physical conditions in the teaching and learning environment cover various aspects, both from the perspective of teachers and students.These factors play an important role in the effectiveness and quality of the learning process.d.Life experience Lauster says that self-confidence gained from disappointing experiences is the most frequent source of low self-esteem.Especially if basically the individual has insecurities, lacks affection and lacks attention (Lauster, 2014: 11).
In conclusion, life experiences play an important role in education and can be used effectively by teachers and students to enrich the learning process.The integration of life experiences in education promotes deeper understanding, emotional reinforcement, and ongoing personal development.

External factors include:
a. Education Education affects individual confidence.Low education tends to make individuals feel under the power of those who are smarter, whereas individuals with higher education tend to be independent and do not need to depend on other individuals.The individual will be able to meet the needs of life with confidence and strength by paying attention to the situation from the point of reality.b.Work Work can develop creativity and independence as well as self-confidence.It was further stated that self-confidence can arise by doing work, in addition to the material obtained.Satisfaction and pride in being able to develop one's abilities.c.Environment The environment here is the family, school, and community environment.Good support received from the family environment such as family members who interact well with each other will give a high sense of comfort and confidence.Likewise, the community environment is increasingly able to fulfill norms and be accepted by society, the more smoothly self-esteem develops (Kanisius Drajat, 2004: 18).
Based on the description above, it can be concluded that there are two factors that influence self-confidence in individuals, namely internal and external factors.Internal factors include self-concept, self-esteem and physical condition.External factors include education, work, environment and life experiences.
The combination of these internal and external factors can form a different level of confidence in each individual.It is important to remember that self-confidence is something that can develop and is influenced by many factors in one's life.

RECOMMENDATIONS TO INCREASE TEACHER CONFIDENCE IN THE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS IN SCHOOLS
Increasing a teacher's self-confidence in the teaching and learning process at school can be influenced by several factors.Here are some factors that can increase a teacher's selfconfidence: 1. Experience and Competence: Teachers who have extensive teaching experience and are competent in their field will feel more confident in facing challenges in the classroom.Successful teaching experiences can give them the confidence that they can manage classes well and cope with situations that arise.

Professional Training and Development: Teachers who attend training and professional
development programs regularly tend to feel more confident in using the latest teaching methods, coping with changes in curricula, and making use of educational technology (Guskey, 2000: 34). 3. Collaborative Support: Support from colleagues and the principal can give teachers a sense of confidence.Collaborating with colleagues to share teaching ideas and strategies and getting positive feedback can also help teachers feel more confident about their teaching skills (Hargreaves & Fullan, 2012: 7). 4. Positive Relations with Students: Teachers who have good relationships with students tend to feel more confident in delivering course material and managing the class.Creating a positive and inclusive classroom environment can help students feel comfortable and motivated to learn, thereby helping teachers feel more confident (Marzano, Marzano, & Pickering, 2003: 20). 5. Giving Positive Feedback: Getting positive feedback from students, parents and school staff about their performance can increase teacher self-confidence.Constructive feedback and appreciating their efforts to improve their learning will provide significant support to their confidence.6. Deep Understanding of Subject Material: Teachers who have a deep understanding of the subject matter they are teaching will feel more confident in explaining complex concepts and providing answers to student questions (Shulman, 1986: 4-14).Reference: Shulman, LS (1986).Those who understand: Knowledge growth in teaching.Educational researcher, 15 (2), 4-14.7. Face Challenges and Failures Wisely: Teachers who are able to face challenges and failures wisely and learn from them will feel more confident in overcoming future problems.

CONCLUSION
There are several conclusions from the influence of teacher self-confidence on the teaching and learning process in schools which can refer to the following points: Positive influence of teacher self-confidence: Teachers who have high selfconfidence tend to be more effective in conveying subject matter and interacting with students.High self-confidence will enable teachers to be more courageous in facing challenges in teaching and designing innovative learning strategies.
Student motivation: Confident teachers are able to inspire and motivate students to learn more enthusiastically.The teacher's confident attitude will create a positive and supportive environment for students, which in turn increases student interest and participation in the teaching and learning process.
Influence on teaching quality: Teacher self-confidence affects the overall teaching quality.Teachers who feel confident are more likely to use a variety of teaching methods and try different approaches to increase learning effectiveness.
Perceptions of teacher abilities: Students tend to have more positive perceptions of the abilities of confident teachers.This can have an impact on a more harmonious and respectful teacher-student relationship.
Overcoming obstacles in teaching: Teachers who are confident will more easily overcome obstacles in the teaching and learning process, such as the difficulty level of the material, student discipline, or other challenges.High self-confidence helps teachers to stay calm and focused in facing difficult situations.
Relationships with co-workers and principal: A teacher's self-confidence can also affect his relationships with co-workers and the principal.Confident teachers can more actively collaborate with colleagues in designing more effective learning programs and participating in school activities.
However, keep in mind that the teacher's self-confidence does not stand alone.Many other factors, such as educational qualifications, teaching experience, support from the These factors are: (a) Factors from within the individual.(b) Physiological factors: physical state and the five senses.(c) Psychological factors: talent, interest, attitude, motivation, memory and intelligence.(d) Factors from outside the individual, including (1) Environmental factors: physical, social and natural.(2) Instrumental factors: hardware and software (Ngalim Purwanto, 2003: 121).