Penggunaan Statistik Deskriptif dalam Pemantauan Ketahanan Pangan Nasional
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58738/jaf.v3i1.1060Keywords:
Statistik deskriptif, Ketahanan pangan nasional, Indeks ketahanan panganAbstract
Ketahanan pangan merupakan salah satu pilar utama pembangunan berkelanjutan yang mencerminkan kemampuan suatu negara dalam menjamin ketersediaan, akses, dan pemanfaatan pangan yang cukup bagi seluruh penduduk. Dalam menghadapi tantangan global seperti perubahan iklim, krisis energi, fluktuasi harga pangan, serta dampak sosial ekonomi pasca pandemi COVID-19, pemantauan ketahanan pangan nasional menjadi semakin krusial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran statistik deskriptif sebagai alat analisis utama dalam mengukur dan memantau kondisi ketahanan pangan nasional di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Kementerian Pertanian, dan Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) selama periode 2015–2024. Analisis dilakukan dengan menghitung rata-rata, median, standar deviasi, indeks ketimpangan konsumsi pangan, serta tren pertumbuhan produksi dan ketersediaan pangan per kapita.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata ketersediaan energi pangan nasional mencapai 2.480 kkal per kapita per hari, dengan peningkatan tahunan sebesar 2,5%. Namun, terdapat ketimpangan antar wilayah, di mana provinsi dengan infrastruktur terbatas menunjukkan nilai akses pangan lebih rendah dibandingkan wilayah urban. Nilai Indeks Ketahanan Pangan (IKP) nasional berada pada kategori “cukup tangguh” dengan rata-rata 0,68, namun masih rentan terhadap guncangan harga pangan global. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa statistik deskriptif efektif dalam menggambarkan pola, tren, dan disparitas ketahanan pangan nasional, serta berfungsi sebagai dasar penting dalam perumusan kebijakan dan strategi peningkatan ketahanan pangan berkelanjutan.
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