Optimalisasi Sistem Distribusi Pangan Untuk Menekan Biaya Logistik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58738/jaf.v2i1.1055Keywords:
distribusi pangan, biaya logistik, optimasi, linear programming, Efisiensi Rantai Pasok PanganAbstract
Distribusi pangan memiliki peran strategis dalam menjaga ketahanan pangan nasional dan kestabilan harga di tingkat konsumen. Namun, tingginya biaya logistik yang disebabkan oleh inefisiensi sistem distribusi, ketidakseimbangan aliran barang, dan keterbatasan infrastruktur transportasi masih menjadi tantangan utama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan sistem distribusi pangan guna menekan biaya logistik melalui pendekatan analisis jaringan distribusi dan pemodelan matematis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan meliputi analisis deskriptif terhadap rantai pasok pangan, pengumpulan data biaya transportasi, waktu tempuh, serta kapasitas gudang dari beberapa wilayah distribusi utama. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pemodelan optimasi menggunakan metode Linear Programming (LP) untuk menentukan rute distribusi paling efisien dengan mempertimbangkan variabel biaya, jarak, dan permintaan pasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model optimasi dapat menurunkan total biaya logistik hingga 18,7% dibandingkan dengan sistem distribusi eksisting. Efisiensi terbesar diperoleh melalui penataan ulang jalur distribusi primer dan pemanfaatan gudang transit di wilayah dengan permintaan tinggi. Selain itu, integrasi teknologi informasi dalam pemantauan arus barang turut meningkatkan akurasi perencanaan distribusi dan mengurangi keterlambatan pengiriman. Kesimpulannya, optimalisasi sistem distribusi pangan melalui pendekatan analitis dan pemanfaatan teknologi logistik terbukti efektif dalam menekan biaya dan meningkatkan efisiensi rantai pasok secara keseluruhan.
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